CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background
of the Study
“ONLINE VOTING SYSTEM” is an online voting
technique, were people
who have citizenship of a country and whose age is above 18 years of age and any sex
can cast his\her vote online without going to any
physical polling station. There is a database design to manage all voters with
their complete information stored.
In “ONLINE VOTING SYSTEM” a voter can use
his\her voting right online without any difficulty. He\She has to be registered
to be qualified for voting. Registration is mainly done by the system
administrator for security reasons. The system administrator registers the
voters on a special site of the system visited by him only by simply filling a
registration form to register voters. Citizens seeking registration are expected
to contact the system administrator to submit their details. After the validity
of them being citizens of that country has been confirmed by the system
administrator by comparing their details submitted with those in existing
databases such as those as the Registrar of Persons, the citizen is then
registered as a voter.
After registration, the voter is assigned a secret Voter ID with which
he/she can use to log into the system and enjoy services provided by the system
such as voting. If invalid/wrong details are submitted, then the citizen is not
registered to vote.
Election is a process where citizens vote to elect officials or their
representatives to office or vote on bills and amendments trying to be passed,
in most cases by using ballot paper and box. After the electorate the electoral
body is left with the responsibility of separating, counting and announcing the
result. This process is a manual process and it has a lot of problems and
challenges associated with it as almost 90% of the procedures used in
conducting the election are done manually which is prone to errors and
mistakes. This brings rejection of results by other contestant’s especially
when the result is not in their favor.
Politicians and electorate have been clamoring for a better way of
conducting credible elections that will be acceptable by all, but the electoral
body is left in the middle as the electoral act doesn’t allow the use of
electronic voting(e-voting) that has been left to the National Assembly for the
amendments of the electoral act.
The complexity of conducting the elections manually has resulted in
bringing many problems to the electoral body; they are left with the problem of
ensuring that the elections they conduct are credible and acceptable by all
which will also help in bringing some credibility to the commission. Because
the commission has lost credibility in the eyes of some electorate, the
electorate feels that their votes does not always count the highest bidder is
always announce the winner of the election even if his vote does not reflect
that. That always result in the other contestant to head for elections
tribunal, and the tribunal always takes time in delivering judgment on the matter
due to several reasons.
1.2 Statement
of Problem
The manual system use
in conducting elections in F.C.T Independent Electoral Commission has numerous
challenges attach to it and the problems has become a bone in the neck of the
electoral body, it is a very disappointing issue for an electoral body to be
conducting elections in that manner in this 21st century were
technology has become the order of the day, everything is being automated for
fast, efficient, reliable and cost effective result.
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