CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background to the Study
Delegation
of authority is one of modern trends practiced by managers and executives in
both private and public sector in Nigeria.
Its function stands out contributing and increasing the level of
motivation of employees and achieving positive returns for an organization Abdul
Salam (2003). On the level of an
organization, it achieves competitive advantage, knowledge inventory, increases
the level of productivity and speed in finalizing tasks effectively. It alleviates functional burdens, gains
employees' satisfaction and builds cooperation and trust between manger and
employees giving a chance for manager to have full-time for realization more
important work Alazailh, Muhammad Ali (2009). So, it reduces physical and intellectual
efforts exerted by manager and other employees in the public or private sectors.
Delegation
of authority becomes inevitable issue for every organization whether in public
or private sector. It is not optional due to many reasons that has connected
and brought developments and changes to the organizations including that of
(increasing its size and diversity of its products, multiplicity of its
products and spread of its branches in different geographical zones and
different local, regional and international levels Alaba Bodurin (2011).
Organization
have been changed since of classical school that was differentiated by
centralism and subjecting to orders of managers without reluctance. Implementing processes and procedures become
more flexible, and free due to employees. The results of applying this
principle of delegation of authority has helped employees to be enhanced,
imposed different functional rights for them, and necessity to transform from
dictatorship to democracy associates with modern trends of management and
employees' desires and wishes Ali, Lukeman (2001). In addition, managers will be able to
maintain their job position and preserve the process of facilitating business
affairs, employees' loyalty, enabling to be remained and achieving performance
efficiency. Management is a social
process entailing responsibilities for an effective planning and regulations of
operations of an organization in fulfillment of a given purpose on task Breach
E.F (2007).
Delegation
is an organizational process that permits the transfer of authority from a
superior to a subordinate. No
organization can function effectively without delegation. In essence, delegation of authority means
that a subordinate has the power to make decision and act within explicit limit
without checking with the superiors. Delegation equally involves
accountability. Delegation of authority
is an important administrative process of getting things done through others by
sharing authority (or power) with them in any typical organization by top
management or any other approved body Certo , Samuel (2002). Delegation is an inescapable process in any
organization big or small, private or public.
Delegation
of authority enables quick decision to be made at all levels within the general
policy framework laid down by the top management. It lightens the burden of key officers in
taking routine matters and enables them to concentrate on vital aspects of
planning policy making and overall control thereby ensuring administrative
convenience Dale I. R., (2010).
There
are different group of people in an organization who are responsible for
activities that contributes to the attainment of organizational goals. These
groups include top level management and other workers in the organization. The manager gives some limited resources and determines the best way to utilize such
resources optimally in order to achieve some specified goals. It is through delegation of task that a manager
can get things done through his subordinates.
Delegation is the act of investing the subordinate with the authority to
make decision and carry out duties or task for which the manager is held
responsible. He is successful in getting
things done through others is exercising the highest type of leadership Dessler
, Gary (2006).
In
delegation of tasks, the manager should be able to recognize the special
abilities and limitations of his subordinates.
This will help him to know which task to delegate to whom and why. A wise manager who has the discretion to
decide how many and which task to delegate should also know whom to delegate
certain task to Fatai, A. M. (2005).
Finally,
for effective delegation, subordinates
must understand the purpose of delegated function and the objective it intends
to achieve. Duties assigned must be
equal to the delegate. If there is an imbalance,
it results in frustration on the part of the supervisor as he seeks to fails to
obtain the willing co-operation of his peers or subordinates Waidi, Kolawole
(2009).
For
complete project materials, visit www.researchshelf.com
No comments:
Post a Comment